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1.
Braz. dent. sci ; 25(1): 1-9, 2022. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1354722

ABSTRACT

Objective: Elastomeric chains are commonly used to apply force for orthodontic dental movements. However, force decay and discoloration are two important weak points of these materials. The present study intended to compare the force decay and color stability of different types of elastomeric chains. Material and Methods: This in vitro study evaluated 6 groups of elastomeric chains, including thermoplastic (TP) and thermoset (TS) chains made by the companies American Orthodontics (AO), Ormco (OR), and G&H Orthodontics (GH). The elastomeric chain forces were measured at the baseline, following 1 hour, 1 day, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 weeks of stretching. The elongation required for the chains to exert a force of 250 g was calculated. ΔE of each group was calculated by a spectrophotometer following immersion in black tea solution for 6 days. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 22 software and the statistical methods of repeated measures analysis of variance and two-way analysis of variance (P<0.05). Results: The force decay of the TS chains were significantly lower than the TP chains in the 6-week study duration (P<0.05), and the lowest and highest force decay was observed in the products by AO and GH, respectively. The highest force degradation occurred during the first week in all groups. The elongation rate needed for the TS chains was significantly higher than the TP chains (P<0.05), and the highest elongation rate was observed in the products by OR. TS chains showed significantly higher color stability than TP chains, and products by OR and GH had better color stability than the products by AO. Conclusion: The present study showed that TS chains were superior to TP chains in force decay and color stability in all the brands studied. (AU)


Objetivo: Elásticos corrente são comumente utilizados para aplicar forças para a movimentação ortodôntica. Porém, a diminuição de força e descoloração são duas importantes fraquezas desses materiais. O presente estudo tem o objetivo de comparar a diminuição de força e estabilidade de cor de diferentes tipos de elásticos corrente. Material e Métodos: Este estudo in vitro avaliou 6 grupos de elásticos corrente, incluindo termoplástico (TP) e termofixo (TS) produzidos pelas empresas American Orthodontics (AO), Ormco (OR) e G&H Orthodontics (GH). A força dos elásticos corrente foram mensuradas no início, após 1 hora, 1 dia, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 e 6 semanas de alongamento. A força de alongamento necessária para aplicação de 250g foi calculada. O ΔE de cada grupo foi calculado por um espectrofotômetro após a imersão em solução de chá preto por 6 dias. Os dados foram analizados utilizando o programa SPSS 22 e a análise estatística foi realizada por análise de variância e análise de variância dois fatores (p<0,05). Resultados: A diminuição da força do grupo TS foi significativamente menor que o grupo TP em 6 semanas de estudo (p<0,05), e o menor e maior valor de diminuição de força foi observado nos produtos da empresa AO e GH, respectivamente. A maior degradação de força ocorreu durante a primeira semana em todos os grupos. A taxa de alongamento necessária para o grupo TS foi significativamente maior que o grupo TP (p<0,05), e a maior taxa de alongamento foi observada nos produtos da empresa OR. Os elásticos TS obtiveram resultados significativamente maiores de estabilidade de cor que os elásticos TP, e os produtos da OR e GH tiveram melhor estabilidade de cor que oa produtos AO. Conclusão: O presente estudo demonstrou que os elásticos TS foram superiores aos elásticos TP em diminuição de força e estabilidade de cor em todas as marcas estudadas.(AU)


Subject(s)
Tooth Movement Techniques , Color , Elastomers
2.
Rev. salud bosque ; 4(1): 37-50, 2014. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-772945

ABSTRACT

Introducción. En esta revisión sistemática se evaluó la efectividad de las férulas o placas Essix como parte de la retención en ortodoncia, la relación costo-beneficio y los posibles efectos secundarios que se pueden presentar con su uso. Métodos. La búsqueda manual de estudios clínicos se llevó a cabo el 29 de agosto de 2013 y, la computadorizada, el 2 de septiembre de 2013. Los criterios de selección fueron: 1) estudios clínicos prospectivos, retrospectivos de asignación aleatoria, y metanálisis; 2) estudios en humanos; 3) estudios que compararan placas Essix con retenedores removibles; 4) pacientes que hubieran terminado el tratamiento de ortodoncia; 5) tiempo de observación de dos años o más; 6) estudios en todos los idiomas; 7) estudios desde 1990 hasta 2013. Resultados. Se encontraron 17 artículos con potencial de inclusión, de los cuales se excluyeron 15 por no cumplir los criterios de selección, lo que resultó en la inclusión de dos estudios solamente. La efectividad de la placa Essix como alternativa de retención es mayor en comparación con la de Hawley; sin embargo, en relación con la retención del ancho intercanino, la longitud del arco inferior y los contactos de oclusión, no hubo diferencias significativas. La relación costo-beneficio y los efectos secundarios no se pudieron evaluar debido a la falta de evidencia. Conclusiones. La placa Essix se encontró más efectiva para mantener la posición de los incisivos inferiores durante el período de retención en comparación con la placa de Hawley; sin embargo, el índice de irregularidad tiende a volver a su valor inicial a los dos años después de la retención.


Introduction: The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness of Essix retainers, the cost-benefit relationship and its possible side effects. Methods: The manual search was performed on August 29, 2013, and the electronic search was performed on September 2, 2013. The selection criteria were: 1) randomized clinical trials, prospective, retrospective, and metaanalysis; 2) studies in humans; 3) studies comparing Essix retainers with other removable retainers; 4) patients that had fulfilled the orthodontic treatment; 5) observation time: two years or more; 6) no language restriction; 7) studies from 1990 to 2013. Results: Seventeen potential articles were found and 15 of these were excluded. Only 2 studies met the inclusion criteria. There was a tendency of greater effectiveness of Essix retainers in comparison with Hawley retainers, however, in relationship to arch length, oclusal contacts and intercanine width no significant differences were found. The side effects and cost-benefit relationship were undeterminable because of the lack of evidence. Conclusions: The Essix retainers were found to be more effective in maintaining the position of the lower incisors during the retention period in comparison with the Hawley retainer. However, the irregularity index tended to return to its initial value two-year post retention.


Subject(s)
Orthodontics , Orthodontics, Corrective , Orthodontic Retainers , Review Literature as Topic
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